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Nationwide GMO labelling coming to U.S. store shelves

Many GMO-label advocates say new legislation doesn't go far enough
7/15/2016

 

Americans wanting to know if their foods contain genetically modified ingredients will be able to find out for the first time.

The U.S Congress sent legislation to President Barack Obama on Thursday that would require most food packages to carry a text label, a symbol or an electronic code readable by smartphone, such as a QR code, that indicates whether the food contains genetically modified ingredients, or GMOs.

The Agriculture Department would have two years to write the rules.

The White House said Obama will sign the bill, which would pre-empt a Vermont law that kicked in earlier this month.

READ: Quebec group demands GMO labelling

Senate approval came last week over the strong objections of Vermont's congressional delegation. Sens. Bernie Sanders and Patrick Leahy and Rep. Peter Welch argued that the measure falls short, especially compared with the tougher labelling requirements in their state.

While the bill gives companies the three options for labelling, the Vermont law would require items be labeled ``produced with genetic engineering.''

``If there is an acknowledgement about the right of a consumer to have access to information, why not give them the information in plain and simple English?'' asked Welch on the House floor.

Advocates for labelling and the American food industry, which has fought mandatory labelling, have wanted to find a national solution to avoid a state-by-state patchwork of laws.

The food industry supports the legislation. But many GMO-label advocates do not, arguing that many consumers won't be able to read electronic labels and that there aren't enough penalties for companies that don't comply.

While there is little scientific concern about the safety of those GMOs on the market, advocates for labelling argue that not enough is known about their risks and people want to know what's in their food.

Among supporters of labelling are many organic companies that are barred by law from using modified ingredients in their foods.

The food industry says GMOs are safe and the labels could mislead people into thinking they aren't. But several companies started to label their foods anyway as Vermont's law went into effect.

Vermont's Democratic Gov. Peter Shumlin bemoaned the congressional action. ``It's a shame that Congress chose to replace our standard with a weaker one that provides multiple ways for the food industry to avoid transparent labelling,'' he said in a statement.

Republicans and lawmakers from rural states overwhelmingly supported the legislation. Agriculture groups have backed it, hoping it will bring more certainty to farmers who grow genetically modified corn and soybeans.

READ: Uncertainty looms as Vermont becomes first state to label GMOs

``The clock has run out, my producers need certainty and an interstate commerce nightmare will shortly ensure if we don't pass this bill,'' said Rep. Rodney Davis, R-Ill.

Genetically modified foods are plants or animals that have had genes copied from other plants or animals inserted into their DNA. While farmers have been selectively breeding plants for centuries, this manipulation is done in a lab, speeding up the process by transferring a gene from one plant or animal to another. The engineering is done to create certain traits, like resistance to herbicides.

The bulk of the America’s genetically engineered crops are corn and soybeans that are eaten by livestock or made into popular processed food ingredients such as cornstarch, soybean oil or high-fructose corn syrup.

Only a handful of genetically engineered fruits and vegetables are available in the produce aisle, including Hawaiian papaya, some zucchini and squash and some sweet corn.

The food industry says 75% to 80% of foods contain genetically modified ingredients— most of those corn and soy-based.

The legislation encompasses some foods that were exempted from the Vermont law, but it also allows the Agriculture Department to determine how much of a ``bioengineered substance'' must be present to require a GMO label. Labelling advocates say many foods wouldn't be labeled if the department sets a high threshold.

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